Numerous archaeological discoveries and valuable artefacts from prehistoric times reveal that present-day Slovenia has been inhabited for thousands of years. Among these finds are treasures that hold the title of the oldest in the world. The oldest musical instrument, a sewing needle, a wooden wheel with an axle—these rare artefacts, which have had a profound influence on modern human development, can be found only in Slovenia. It is also home to the oldest living grapevine in the world. These ancient treasures continue to inspire new generations.
At the Divje Babe archaeological site near Cerkno, a 60,000-year-old flute was discovered—an object of global significance. Carved from the bone of a young cave bear, this Neanderthal flute is believed to be the oldest musical instrument ever found. You can view it at the National Museum of Slovenia, and delve into the life of its ancient makers through a virtual tour of the Divje Babe cave. Join a guided walk along the mysterious Neanderthal trails and learn about life in and around the cave, both past and present.
This ancient flute has also served as inspiration for modern artists like Slovenian multi-instrumentalist Boštjan Gombač and Slovenian-Macedonian trumpeter Ljuben Dimkaroski, who have played a replica of the flute.
It has even inspired festivals in Cerkno, such as the long-running Jazz Cerkno festival and the Deuje Babe Festival of alternative art and women's activism, which comes alive every year on 8th March, International Women's Day.
Around 5,000 years ago, the first settlers of the Ljubljana Marshes—known as pile dwellers—built their homes on stilts. Their legacy, recognised as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, includes one of the most remarkable finds from this area: a wooden wheel with an axle, about 5,200 years old, making it the oldest of its kind in the world.
Travel back more than 5,000 years and step into the world of the pile dwellers in the Ljubljana Marshes. At Morostig House, discover the UNESCO-listed settlements, explore the rich biodiversity of the area, and walk a themed trail that leads to a reconstructed hut village and a log boat.
MoreTravel back more than 5,000 years and step into the world of the pile dwellers in the Ljubljana Marshes. At Morostig House, discover the UNESCO-listed settlements, explore the rich biodiversity of the area, and walk a themed trail that leads to a reconstructed hut village and a log boat.
MoreThe wooden wheel, originally part of a single-axle two-wheeled cart pulled by animals, helped cover great distances. Today, cycling is a preferred way to explore the Ljubljana Marshes. You can enjoy numerous cycling routes in the area.
Rent a bike from the BicikeLJ system—pick up your bike from various points around the city, install the app, follow the instructions and explore the city. Start your journey at the Ljubljana City Museum, where you can see the famous wheel
Then cycle along Plečnik's water axis to the Museum of Architecture and Design to view models of innovative Slovenian designs.
Discovered nearly 100 years ago in the Potočka zijavka cave at an altitude of 1,675 metres on the slopes of Olševa in the Kamnik-Savinja Alps, this 35,000-year-old sewing needle is a fascinating artefact. For a long time, it was considered the oldest sewing needle in the world. It was once used to sew leather and even embroider hunting nets. You can view this ancient tool, along with cave bear remains and skeletons of Cro-Magnon hunters, at the Celje Regional Museum.
Today, the craft of sewing lives on in Solčava, where women and girls use traditional techniques to create woollen slippers, cardigans, socks, and other items made from the wool of the local Jezersko-Solčava sheep.
Modern fashion designers in Slovenia also carry on the tradition, with many boutiques in Ljubljana offering handmade clothing and accessories.
For those who want to try their hand at sewing, the Textile Lab at Center Rog offers creative workshops where you can create your own fabric masterpiece.
The oldest vine in the world has been growing on the facade of the House of the Oldest Grapevine in the central part of Maribor's Old Town in the Lent area for over 450 years. It holds a place in the Guinness Book of World Records and has withstood Turkish invasions, fires, vine aphids and the bombing of the city. The fact that it has its own museum, festivals and even its own anthem proves that it is a true "lady of the vine"! The ancient žametovka—an old native Slovenian red wine variety—unites the city's inhabitants and visitors at festivals, tastings and various events. Offspring of this vine can be found all across Slovenia and around the world.
The house of the Oldest Grapevine is currently closed due to renovation. During this time, the POP-UP of the House is open in the Minoriti Cultural Quarter.
Slovenia's cultural treasures are rich with history. Explore other archaeological gems that reveal how this land has been inhabited since prehistoric times.
In 1721, Capuchin friar Romuald Marušič wrote the Škofja Loka Passion Play, a historic text that includes detailed director's notes, making it the oldest surviving dramatic script in Europe. It is a priceless treasure and has been inscribed on UNESCO's Intangible Cultural Heritage list. The play is still performed every six years in the streets and squares of Škofja Loka, brought to life by more than a thousand volunteers. The next performance will take place in 2027—an event truly worth experiencing.
If you have a spirit of adventure, set off on a journey through Slovenia's museums, where you can discover hidden treasures from not only Slovenian but also European and world heritage. Experience the past up close.
Prehistoric settlements, Roman camps, medieval fortifications – they all testify to the fact that people have inhabited or at least crossed Slovenian territory since prehistoric times. Our archaeological collection also contains some exceptional finds, even on a global scale. Awaken your spirit of exploration and follow the traces of the past!
MorePrehistoric settlements, Roman camps, medieval fortifications – they all testify to the fact that people have inhabited or at least crossed Slovenian territory since prehistoric times. Our archaeological collection also contains some exceptional finds, even on a global scale. Awaken your spirit of exploration and follow the traces of the past!
MoreEvery museum has its own secrets, its own treasures and its own "stars". These are the artefacts that attract the most attention because of their uniqueness. The museums of Slovenia's historic towns and cities also contain priceless treasures of historical and cultural heritage, among which are objects or curiosities that are particularly worth a stop.
MoreSlovenia is rich in gems of natural and cultural heritage. Some of these constitute an important piece in the mosaic of world heritage and are under the auspices of UNESCO. Two natural and three cultural sites were inscribed on the list of world natural and cultural heritage. Furthermore, there are seven special features on the list of intangible cultural heritage.
MoreMuseums are fun. If the usual tired objects and stale facts are not doing it for you any more, you’ll be sure to change your mind when you visit one of Slovenia’s special museums.
MoreSlovenia is a diverse country, as are its greatest natural and cultural treasures. Also discover other beautiful sights sand interesting features of this green country.
Museums and galleries in Slovenia – a treasure trove of art from prehistoric times until today.
The images of Slovenia that will leave a lasting impression.
Slovenian treasure troves of world heritage
Listen to the waterfalls humming away in the green valley.
For more than 450 years, the world’s oldest vine has remained firmly rooted in the heart of Maribor.
Learn about the masterpieces of Jože Plečnik, the greatest Slovenian architect!
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